SPRING技术内幕-笔记(十)spring声明式事物处理

10.1事物处理拦截器的配置
首先看一下建立事物处理对象的时序图:
这里写图片描述

首先从TransactionProxyFactoryBean 的createMainInterceptor()方法开始:

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//TransactionInterceptor 封装了AOP的事物处理的实现,通过依赖注入设置进来
private final TransactionInterceptor transactionInterceptor = new TransactionInterceptor();

private Pointcut pointcut;
public void setTransactionAttributes(Properties transactionAttributes) {
this.transactionInterceptor.setTransactionAttributes(transactionAttributes);
}
//通过依赖注入的PlatformTransactionManager
public void setTransactionManager(PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager) {
this.transactionInterceptor.setTransactionManager(transactionManager);
}
//创建SPringAOP处理的advisor
protected Object createMainInterceptor() {
this.transactionInterceptor.afterPropertiesSet();
if (this.pointcut != null) {
//使用默认的DefaultPointcutAdvisor作为默认的通知器,并设置拦截器
return new DefaultPointcutAdvisor(this.pointcut, this.transactionInterceptor);
}
else {
// Rely on default pointcut.如果没有配置pointcut 就用TransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor作为通知器,并设置transactionInterceptor为拦截器
return new TransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor(this.transactionInterceptor);
}
}

值得注意的是createMainInterceptor()是在bean完成依赖注入的时候通过InitializingBean方法调用的。
TransactionProxyFactoryBean继承了AbstractSingletonProxyFactoryBean,而AbstractSingletonProxyFactoryBean实现了InitializingBean,于是就会重写InitializingBean的afterPropertiesSet()方法,这个方法实例化了一个proxyFactory,建立起 SPringAOP的应用,在这里,会为这个proxyfactory设置通知,目标对象,并最终返回proxy代理对象 。
AbstractSingletonProxyFactoryBean的afterPropertiesSet方法:

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public void afterPropertiesSet() {
if (this.target == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Property 'target' is required");
}
if (this.target instanceof String) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("'target' needs to be a bean reference, not a bean name as value");
}
if (this.proxyClassLoader == null) {
this.proxyClassLoader = ClassUtils.getDefaultClassLoader();
}
//TransactionProxyFactoryBean使用ProxyFactory 完成AOP的年基本功能,ProxyFactory 提供代理对象,并将transactionInterceptor设置为target的拦截器
ProxyFactory proxyFactory = new ProxyFactory();

if (this.preInterceptors != null) {
for (Object interceptor : this.preInterceptors) {
proxyFactory.addAdvisor(this.advisorAdapterRegistry.wrap(interceptor));
}
}

// Add the main interceptor (typically an Advisor).
spring加入通知器的地方,可以加入2种通知器,分别是DefaultPointcutAdvisor、TransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor,Proxyfactory的基类,ADvisedSupport中,维护了一个用来持有advice的linkedList,通过对这个list的增删改等操作,用来管理配置给Proxyfactory的通知器
proxyFactory.addAdvisor(this.advisorAdapterRegistry.wrap(createMainInterceptor()));

if (this.postInterceptors != null) {
for (Object interceptor : this.postInterceptors) {
proxyFactory.addAdvisor(this.advisorAdapterRegistry.wrap(interceptor));
}
}

proxyFactory.copyFrom(this);
//创建AOP的目标源
TargetSource targetSource = createTargetSource(this.target);
proxyFactory.setTargetSource(targetSource);

if (this.proxyInterfaces != null) {
//设置使用哪个接口作为代理
proxyFactory.setInterfaces(this.proxyInterfaces);
}
else if (!isProxyTargetClass()) {
// Rely on AOP infrastructure to tell us what interfaces to proxy.
proxyFactory.setInterfaces(
ClassUtils.getAllInterfacesForClass(targetSource.getTargetClass(), this.proxyClassLoader));
}
//设置代理对象
this.proxy = proxyFactory.getProxy(this.proxyClassLoader);
}

//至于怎创建的代理对象要到proxyFactory看看:
public Object getProxy(ClassLoader classLoader) {
return createAopProxy().getProxy(classLoader);
}
createAopProxy()在其基类ProxyCreatorSupport中实现
createAopProxy():
protected final synchronized AopProxy createAopProxy() {
if (!this.active) {
activate();
}
//使用 DefaultAopProxyfactory来创建AopProxy对象,proxyFactory本身是ProxyConfig的子类,所以使用this
return getAopProxyFactory().createAopProxy(this);
}

10.2事物处理配置的读入
在AOP配置完成的基础上,从TransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor的实现为入口,了解具体的事物配置属性是如何读取的。

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//Interceptor使用之前介绍的transactionInterceptor
private TransactionInterceptor transactionInterceptor;
//对于pointcut ,使用其内部类TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut,
private final TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut pointcut = new TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut() {
@Override
//使用transactionInterceptor得到事物配置的属性,在对proxy的方法进行调用时,会用到这些属性
protected TransactionAttributeSource getTransactionAttributeSource() {
return (transactionInterceptor != null ? transactionInterceptor.getTransactionAttributeSource() : null);
}
};

TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut这个切点实现了StaticMethodMatcherPointcut,有一个matches(Method method, Class targetClass)函数,在此函数中调用getTransactionAttributeSource得到配置属性,并且判断是否当前方法被拦截:
TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut的matches

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public boolean matches(Method method, Class targetClass) {
//调用transactionInterceptor的getTransactionAttributeSource(),见TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut 得内部类TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut的匿名实现。
TransactionAttributeSource tas = getTransactionAttributeSource();
//判断是否是被拦截的方法
return (tas == null || tas.getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass) != null);
}

这个TransactionAttributeSource是在完成依赖注入的时候配置的,在transactionInterceptor的基类TransactionAspectSupport中注入实现:

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public void setTransactionAttributes(Properties transactionAttributes) {
//实际使用的是NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource,然后将事物配置属性设置到
//NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource。
NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource tas = new NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource();
tas.setProperties(transactionAttributes);
this.transactionAttributeSource = tas;
}

我们可以看到读取和匹配事物配置属性的是NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource ,这个类将transactionAttributes通过调用setProperties方法把调用的方法名为key,放到namemap中,在应用调用目标方法的时候,因为目标方法已经被TransactionProxyFactoryBean代理,所以TransactionProxyFactoryBean需要判断这个调用方法是否是事物方法,这个判断的实现是通过NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource 中能否为这个调用返回事物属性来完成的,具体的实现是这样的:首先,以调用方法名为索引在namemap中查找相应的事物处理属性值,如果能够找到,那么就说明该调用方法和事物方法是直接对应的,如果你找不到,就用正则表达式的方式模糊匹配。意味着,可以使用通配符的方式指定要拦截的方法。返回的属性封装在TransactionAttribute 中。

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 //配置事物属性的方法
public void setProperties(Properties transactionAttributes) {
TransactionAttributeEditor tae = new TransactionAttributeEditor();
Enumeration propNames = transactionAttributes.propertyNames();
while (propNames.hasMoreElements()) {
String methodName = (String) propNames.nextElement();
String value = transactionAttributes.getProperty(methodName);
tae.setAsText(value);
TransactionAttribute attr = (TransactionAttribute) tae.getValue();
addTransactionalMethod(methodName, attr);
}
}
//将被拦截的方法的名字为key,配置的属性为value放入到nameMap中去。
public void addTransactionalMethod(String methodName, TransactionAttribute attr) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Adding transactional method [" + methodName + "] with attribute [" + attr + "]");
}
this.nameMap.put(methodName, attr);
}

//根据方法名字活模式取配置的事物属性
public TransactionAttribute getTransactionAttribute(Method method, Class<?> targetClass) {
// look for direct name match
String methodName = method.getName();
//以名字为key
TransactionAttribute attr = this.nameMap.get(methodName);

if (attr == null) {
// Look for most specific name match.
String bestNameMatch = null;
for (String mappedName : this.nameMap.keySet()) {
//isMatch使用模糊或者通配符的方式匹配
if (isMatch(methodName, mappedName) &&
(bestNameMatch == null || bestNameMatch.length() <= mappedName.length())) {
attr = this.nameMap.get(mappedName);
bestNameMatch = mappedName;
}
}
}
//返回取得的属性值
return attr;
}

10.3事物处理拦截器的设计与实现
TransactionProxyFactoryBean代理得到代理对象,通过调用getObject()得到,对目标方法的调用,TransactionProxyFactoryBean不会直接调用而是经过拦截器的拦截:
getObject方法:

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public Object getObject() {
if (this.proxy == null) {
throw new FactoryBeanNotInitializedException();
}
//proxy已经配置好事物拦截器配置
return this.proxy;
}

对AOP代理起到作用,是用到TransactionInterceptor的回调方法,invoke方法:

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	public Object invoke(final MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
// Work out the target class: may be <code>null</code>.
// The TransactionAttributeSource should be passed the target class
// as well as the method, which may be from an interface.
//目标对象
Class<?> targetClass = (invocation.getThis() != null ? AopUtils.getTargetClass(invocation.getThis()) : null);

// If the transaction attribute is null, the method is non-transactional.
//取得事物的配置属性,通过TransactionAttributeSource得到
final TransactionAttribute txAttr =
getTransactionAttributeSource().getTransactionAttribute(invocation.getMethod(), targetClass);
//根据TransactionProxyFactoryBean的配置信息获取具体的事物处理器
final PlatformTransactionManager tm = determineTransactionManager(txAttr);
final String joinpointIdentification = methodIdentification(invocation.getMethod(), targetClass);

// 这里获取不同的PlatformTransactionManager ,因为回调方式不同,CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager的需要回调函数实现事物的回调与提交,而非CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager不需要,DatasourceTransactionManager就不是CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager
if (txAttr == null || !(tm instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager)) {
// Standard transaction demarcation with getTransaction and commit/rollback calls.
//创建事物,并且把创建过程得到的信息放到TransactionInfo 中去,TransactionInfo 是封装事物状态的类
TransactionInfo txInfo = createTransactionIfNecessary(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification);
Object retVal = null;
try {
// This is an around advice: Invoke the next interceptor in the chain.
// This will normally result in a target object being invoked.
//继续走拦截器链,知道目标方法被调用。
retVal = invocation.proceed();
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
// target invocation exception
//如果调用过程出现异常需要根据具体情况判断是提交或者回滚。
completeTransactionAfterThrowing(txInfo, ex);
throw ex;
}
finally {
//把线程绑定的TransactionInfo 置为oldTransactionInfo
cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
}
//使用事物处理器对事物进行提交
commitTransactionAfterReturning(txInfo);
return retVal;
}

else {
// It's a CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager: pass a TransactionCallback in.
//使用回调的方式
try {
Object result = ((CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) tm).execute(txAttr,
new TransactionCallback<Object>() {
public Object doInTransaction(TransactionStatus status) {
TransactionInfo txInfo = prepareTransactionInfo(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification, status);
try {
return invocation.proceed();
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (txAttr.rollbackOn(ex)) {
// A RuntimeException: will lead to a rollback.
//导致事物回滚
if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) {
throw (RuntimeException) ex;
}
else {
throw new ThrowableHolderException(ex);
}
}
else {
// A normal return value: will lead to a commit.
//正常的处理,进行事物提交
return new ThrowableHolder(ex);
}
}
finally {
cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
}
}
});

// Check result: It might indicate a Throwable to rethrow.
if (result instanceof ThrowableHolder) {
throw ((ThrowableHolder) result).getThrowable();
}
else {
return result;
}
}
catch (ThrowableHolderException ex) {
throw ex.getCause();
}
}
}

事物提交时序图:
这里写图片描述
invoke方法是AOP和spring事物处理的桥梁,接下来就是事物处理的实现。